Humanity Statsv1
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3,568 records

Every notable AI model ever trained

Training compute, parameters, dataset size, hardware and accessibility for the machine learning systems that define the field, from the 1950s to today.

400 shown · this table holds the top 400 of 3,568 records, ranked by training compute
Grok 4xAIJul 9, 20255×10²⁶ FLOP3TAPI access
GPT-4.5OpenAIFeb 27, 20253.8×10²⁶ FLOP—API access
Grok 3xAIFeb 17, 20253.5×10²⁶ FLOP3TAPI access
GPT-5OpenAIAug 7, 20256.6×10²⁵ FLOP—API access
Llama 4 Behemoth (preview)Meta AIApr 5, 20255.2×10²⁵ FLOP2TUnreleased
Gemini 1.0 UltraGoogle DeepMindDec 6, 20235×10²⁵ FLOP—API access
Llama Nemotron Ultra 253BNVIDIAMar 18, 20253.9×10²⁵ FLOP253BOpen weights (restricted use)
Composer 2.5CursorMay 18, 20263.9×10²⁵ FLOP1T—
Llama 3.1-405BMeta AIJul 23, 20243.8×10²⁵ FLOP405BOpen weights (restricted use)
Claude 3.7 SonnetAnthropicFeb 24, 20253.4×10²⁵ FLOP—API access
Grok-2xAIAug 13, 20243×10²⁵ FLOP—API access
Claude 3.5 SonnetAnthropicJun 20, 20242.7×10²⁵ FLOP—API access
Doubao-proByteDanceOct 28, 20242.5×10²⁵ FLOP500BAPI access
Composer 2CursorMar 19, 20262.3×10²⁵ FLOP1TAPI access
GPT-4 (Jun 2023)OpenAIJun 13, 20232.1×10²⁵ FLOP1.8TAPI access
GPT-4 (Mar 2023)OpenAIMar 15, 20232.1×10²⁵ FLOP1.8TAPI access
Kimi K3MoonshotJul 16, 20262×10²⁵ FLOP2.8TOpen weights (non-commercial)
Nemotron-4 340BNVIDIAJun 14, 20241.8×10²⁵ FLOP340BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Qwen3-MaxAlibabaSep 5, 20251.5×10²⁵ FLOP1TAPI access
Pangu UltraHuaweiApr 10, 20251.1×10²⁵ FLOP135BHosted access (no API)
Aramco Metabrain AISaudi AramcoMar 4, 202410²⁵ FLOP250BUnreleased
Inflection-2Inflection AINov 22, 202310²⁵ FLOP—Hosted access (no API)
Emu3.5Beijing Academy of Artificial Intelligence / BAAIOct 30, 20259.9×10²⁴ FLOP34.1BOpen weights (unrestricted)
DeepSeek-V4-ProDeepSeekApr 24, 20269.7×10²⁴ FLOP1.6TOpen weights (unrestricted)
Qwen2.5-VL-72BAlibabaFeb 19, 20259.6×10²⁴ FLOP72BOpen weights (restricted use)
Grok-1.5xAIMar 28, 20249.3×10²⁴ FLOP—Hosted access (no API)
Reka CoreReka AIApr 15, 20248.4×10²⁴ FLOP67BAPI access
SEA-LION V3 Llama3.1 70BAI SingaporeDec 19, 20248×10²⁴ FLOP70BOpen weights (restricted use)
Inflection-2.5Inflection AIMar 7, 20248×10²⁴ FLOP—Hosted access (no API)
Llama 3.1-70BMeta AIJul 23, 20247.9×10²⁴ FLOP70BOpen weights (restricted use)
Llama-3.1-Nemotron-70B-InstructNVIDIA, Meta AIJun 12, 20247.9×10²⁴ FLOP—Open weights (restricted use)
Llama 3-70BMeta AIApr 18, 20247.9×10²⁴ FLOP70BOpen weights (restricted use)
Qwen2.5 Instruct (72B)AlibabaSep 19, 20247.9×10²⁴ FLOP72.7BOpen weights (restricted use)
Qwen2.5-72BAlibabaSep 19, 20247.8×10²⁴ FLOP72.7BOpen weights (unrestricted)
AMIE (Articulate Medical Intelligence Explorer)Google DeepMind, Google ResearchApr 9, 20257.3×10²⁴ FLOP340BUnreleased
PaLM 2GoogleMay 10, 20237.3×10²⁴ FLOP340BAPI access
Qwen3-32BAlibabaApr 29, 20257.1×10²⁴ FLOP32.8BOpen weights (unrestricted)
MAI-Thinking-1MicrosoftJun 2, 20267×10²⁴ FLOP962BAPI access
Telechat2-115BChina TelecomSep 20, 20246.9×10²⁴ FLOP115BOpen weights (restricted use)
Llama 3.3 70BMeta AIDec 6, 20246.9×10²⁴ FLOP70BOpen weights (restricted use)
GLM-5Z.ai (Zhipu AI)Feb 17, 20266.8×10²⁴ FLOP744BOpen weights (unrestricted)
MiMo-V2.5-ProXiaomi CorpApr 23, 20266.8×10²⁴ FLOP1TOpen weights (unrestricted)
Apertus 70BETH Zurich, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), Swiss National Supercomputing Centre (CSCS), SwisscomSep 2, 20256.7×10²⁴ FLOP70BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Nemotron-H 56BNVIDIAApr 14, 20256.7×10²⁴ FLOP56BOpen weights (non-commercial)
Nemotron 3 UltraNVIDIAJun 4, 20266.6×10²⁴ FLOP550BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Amazon Nova ProAmazonDec 3, 20246×10²⁴ FLOP—API access
Ling-1TAnt GroupOct 10, 20256×10²⁴ FLOP1TOpen weights (unrestricted)
Kimi K2.5MoonshotFeb 2, 20265.8×10²⁴ FLOP1TOpen weights (unrestricted)
Hunyuan-TurboSTencentMar 11, 20255.4×10²⁴ FLOP560BAPI access
gpt-oss-120bOpenAIAug 5, 20254.9×10²⁴ FLOP116.8BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Amazon TitanAmazonSep 28, 20234.8×10²⁴ FLOP200BAPI access
Qwen3-235B-A22B (Jul 2025)AlibabaJul 25, 20254.8×10²⁴ FLOP235BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Qwen3-235B-A22B-Thinking (Jul 2025)AlibabaJul 25, 20254.8×10²⁴ FLOP235BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Qwen3-235B-A22BAlibabaApr 29, 20254.8×10²⁴ FLOP235BOpen weights (unrestricted)
GLM-4.7Z.ai (Zhipu AI)Dec 22, 20254.4×10²⁴ FLOP358BOpen weights (unrestricted)
GLM-4.6Z.ai (Zhipu AI), Tsinghua UniversitySep 30, 20254.4×10²⁴ FLOP357BOpen weights (unrestricted)
GLM-4.5Z.ai (Zhipu AI), Tsinghua UniversityAug 5, 20254.4×10²⁴ FLOP355BOpen weights (unrestricted)
MiniMax-M1-80kMiniMaxJun 13, 20254.3×10²⁴ FLOP456BOpen weights (unrestricted)
MiMo-V2.5Xiaomi CorpApr 23, 20264.3×10²⁴ FLOP310BOpen weights (unrestricted)
AFM-serverAppleJul 29, 20244.3×10²⁴ FLOP—Hosted access (no API)
DeepSeek-V3.2DeepSeekDec 1, 20254.2×10²⁴ FLOP—Open weights (unrestricted)
Kimi K2 ThinkingMoonshotNov 6, 20254.2×10²⁴ FLOP1TOpen weights (restricted use)
MiniMax-M1-40kMiniMaxJun 13, 20254.2×10²⁴ FLOP456BOpen weights (unrestricted)
DeepSeek-V3.2-ExpDeepSeekSep 29, 20254.2×10²⁴ FLOP671BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Step-Video-T2VStepFunFeb 24, 20254.1×10²⁴ FLOP30BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Llama 4 ScoutMeta AIApr 5, 20254.1×10²⁴ FLOP109BOpen weights (restricted use)
DeepSeek-R1 (May 2025)DeepSeekMay 28, 20254×10²⁴ FLOP671BOpen weights (unrestricted)
MegaScale (Production)ByteDance, Peking UniversityFeb 23, 20243.9×10²⁴ FLOP530BUnreleased
SenseChatSenseTimeApr 10, 20233.9×10²⁴ FLOP180BAPI access
Claude 2AnthropicJul 11, 20233.9×10²⁴ FLOP—API access
EXAONE 4.5LG AI ResearchApr 9, 20263.9×10²⁴ FLOP33.2BOpen weights (restricted use)
Falcon-180BTechnology Innovation InstituteSep 6, 20233.8×10²⁴ FLOP180BOpen weights (restricted use)
LongCat-FlashMeituan IncSep 1, 20253.7×10²⁴ FLOP560BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Falcon-H1Technology Innovation InstituteMay 21, 20253.7×10²⁴ FLOP34BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Cosmos-Transfer1-7BNVIDIAMar 18, 20253.6×10²⁴ FLOP7BOpen weights (restricted use)
DeepSeek-V3.1-TerminusDeepSeekSep 22, 20253.6×10²⁴ FLOP671BOpen weights (unrestricted)
DeepSeek-V3.1DeepSeekAug 21, 20253.6×10²⁴ FLOP671BOpen weights (unrestricted)
QwQ-32BAlibabaMar 6, 20253.5×10²⁴ FLOP32.5BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Qwen2.5-32BAlibabaSep 17, 20243.5×10²⁴ FLOP32.5BOpen weights (unrestricted)
DeepSeek-R1DeepSeekJan 20, 20253.5×10²⁴ FLOP671BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Hunyuan-LargeTencentNov 6, 20243.5×10²⁴ FLOP389BOpen weights (restricted use)
DeepSeek-V3 (Mar 2025)DeepSeekMar 24, 20253.3×10²⁴ FLOP671BOpen weights (restricted use)
DeepSeek-V3DeepSeekDec 24, 20243.3×10²⁴ FLOP671BOpen weights (restricted use)
Qwen3-14BAlibabaApr 29, 20253.2×10²⁴ FLOP14.8BOpen weights (unrestricted)
MiniMax-Text-01MiniMaxJan 14, 20253.1×10²⁴ FLOP456BOpen weights (restricted use)
Pangu Ultra MoEHuaweiMay 7, 20253.1×10²⁴ FLOP718BHosted access (no API)
NVLM-X 72BNVIDIAOct 22, 20243×10²⁴ FLOP72BUnreleased
LLaVA-OV-72BByteDance, Nanyang Technological University, Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK), Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST)Aug 6, 20243×10²⁴ FLOP72BOpen weights (unrestricted)
NVLM-H 72BNVIDIAOct 22, 20243×10²⁴ FLOP72BUnreleased
NVLM-D 72BNVIDIAOct 22, 20243×10²⁴ FLOP72BOpen weights (non-commercial)
Qwen2-72BAlibabaJun 7, 20243×10²⁴ FLOP72.7BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Kimi K2MoonshotJul 11, 20253×10²⁴ FLOP1TOpen weights (restricted use)
Grok-1xAINov 4, 20232.9×10²⁴ FLOP314BOpen weights (unrestricted)
GLM-Z1-Rumination-32B-0414Tsinghua UniversityApr 14, 20252.9×10²⁴ FLOP32BOpen weights (unrestricted)
GLM-4-32B-0414Z.ai (Zhipu AI), Tsinghua UniversityApr 14, 20252.9×10²⁴ FLOP32BOpen weights (unrestricted)
ERNIE-4.5-300B-A47BBaiduJun 29, 20252.8×10²⁴ FLOP300BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Cosmos-1.0- Diffusion-14B Video2WorldNVIDIAJan 7, 20252.8×10²⁴ FLOP14BOpen weights (restricted use)
Cosmos-Predict1-14b-Video2WorldNVIDIAJan 7, 20252.8×10²⁴ FLOP14BOpen weights (restricted use)
Minerva (540B)GoogleJun 29, 20222.7×10²⁴ FLOP540.4BUnreleased
EXAONE 4.0 (32B)LG AI ResearchJul 15, 20252.7×10²⁴ FLOP32BOpen weights (non-commercial)
DBRXDatabricksMar 27, 20242.6×10²⁴ FLOP132BOpen weights (restricted use)
Seed-OSS-36B-BaseByteDanceAug 21, 20252.6×10²⁴ FLOP—Open weights (unrestricted)
GPT-3.5 (davinci-002)OpenAIMar 15, 20222.6×10²⁴ FLOP—API access
Step-OmniStepFunFeb 18, 20252.5×10²⁴ FLOP130BUnreleased
Flan-PaLM 540BGoogleOct 20, 20222.5×10²⁴ FLOP540BUnreleased
U-PaLM (540B)GoogleOct 20, 20222.5×10²⁴ FLOP540BUnreleased
PaLM (540B)Google ResearchApr 4, 20222.5×10²⁴ FLOP540.4BUnreleased
DeepSeek-V4-FlashDeepSeekApr 24, 20262.5×10²⁴ FLOP284BOpen weights (unrestricted)
MiMo-V2-FlashXiaomi CorpDec 16, 20252.4×10²⁴ FLOP309BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Gemma-SEA-LION-v4-27B-ITAI SingaporeAug 20, 20252.3×10²⁴ FLOP27BOpen weights (restricted use)
Mixtral 8x22BMistral AIApr 17, 20242.3×10²⁴ FLOP141BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Gemma 3 27BGoogle DeepMindMar 12, 20252.3×10²⁴ FLOP27BOpen weights (restricted use)
Evo 2 40BArc Institute, Stanford University, NVIDIA, Liquid, University of California (UC) Berkeley, Goodfire, Columbia University, University of California San FranciscoFeb 19, 20252.3×10²⁴ FLOP40.3BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Llama 4 MaverickMeta AIApr 5, 20252.2×10²⁴ FLOP400BOpen weights (restricted use)
MiniMax-VL-01MiniMaxJan 14, 20252.1×10²⁴ FLOP—Open weights (restricted use)
TxGemma 27BGoogle DeepMind, Google ResearchApr 8, 20252.1×10²⁴ FLOP27BOpen weights (restricted use)
Gemma 2 27BGoogle DeepMindJun 24, 20242.1×10²⁴ FLOP27BOpen weights (restricted use)
FLAN 137BGoogle ResearchSep 3, 20212×10²⁴ FLOP137BUnreleased
Step-Audio-Chat 130BStepFunFeb 18, 20251.9×10²⁴ FLOP130BOpen weights (unrestricted)
InklingThinking MachinesJul 15, 20261.8×10²⁴ FLOP975BOpen weights (unrestricted)
GLM-4.5VZ.ai (Zhipu AI), Tsinghua UniversityAug 15, 20251.8×10²⁴ FLOP108BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Yi-Large01.AIMay 13, 20241.8×10²⁴ FLOP100BAPI access
DeepSeek-V2.5DeepSeekSep 6, 20241.8×10²⁴ FLOP236BOpen weights (restricted use)
Qwen3-8BAlibabaApr 29, 20251.8×10²⁴ FLOP8.2BOpen weights (unrestricted)
EXAONE 1.0LGDec 14, 20211.7×10²⁴ FLOP300BUnreleased
GLM-4.5-AirZ.ai (Zhipu AI), Tsinghua UniversityAug 5, 20251.7×10²⁴ FLOP106BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Movie Gen VideoMeta AIOct 4, 20241.6×10²⁴ FLOP30BUnreleased
Chameleon-34BFacebook AI ResearchMay 16, 20241.6×10²⁴ FLOP34BOpen weights (non-commercial)
Qwen2.5-14BAlibabaSep 19, 20241.6×10²⁴ FLOP14.7BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Qwen3-Coder-480B-A35BAlibabaJul 22, 20251.6×10²⁴ FLOP480BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Ling-Plus ("Bailing")Ant GroupMar 10, 20251.6×10²⁴ FLOP290BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Wu Dao 2.0Beijing Academy of Artificial Intelligence / BAAIMay 31, 20211.5×10²⁴ FLOP1.8TAPI access
NVIDIA-Nemotron-Nano-9B-v2NVIDIAAug 18, 20251.5×10²⁴ FLOP9BOpen weights (restricted use)
K-EXAONELG AI ResearchDec 31, 20251.5×10²⁴ FLOP236BAPI access
NVIDIA-Nemotron-Nano-12B-v2NVIDIAAug 18, 20251.5×10²⁴ FLOP12BOpen weights (restricted use)
Yi-Lightning01.AIOct 18, 20241.5×10²⁴ FLOP—API access
Solar Open 100BUpstageDec 31, 20251.4×10²⁴ FLOP102BAPI access
Cosmos-Predict1-7b-Video2WorldNVIDIAJan 7, 20251.4×10²⁴ FLOP7BOpen weights (restricted use)
Seed1.5-VLByteDanceMay 11, 20251.4×10²⁴ FLOP—API access
Arcee Trinity LargePrime Intellect, Arcee AIFeb 19, 20261.3×10²⁴ FLOP398BOpen weights (restricted use)
OLMo 2 32BAllen Institute for AIMar 13, 20251.3×10²⁴ FLOP32BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Qwen1.5-72BAlibabaFeb 4, 20241.3×10²⁴ FLOP72BOpen weights (restricted use)
Qwen-72BAlibabaNov 30, 20231.3×10²⁴ FLOP72BOpen weights (restricted use)
Pangu Pro MoEHuaweiMay 28, 20251.3×10²⁴ FLOP72BOpen weights (unrestricted)
DeepSeek-Coder-V2 236BDeepSeekJun 17, 20241.3×10²⁴ FLOP236BOpen weights (restricted use)
EXAONE 3.5-R 32BLG AI ResearchMar 14, 20251.3×10²⁴ FLOP32BUnreleased
EXAONE Deep 32BLG AI ResearchMar 16, 20251.3×10²⁴ FLOP32BOpen weights (non-commercial)
Code Llama-70BMeta AIJan 29, 20241.3×10²⁴ FLOP70BOpen weights (restricted use)
EXAONE 3.5 32BLG AI ResearchDec 9, 20241.3×10²⁴ FLOP32BOpen weights (non-commercial)
XVERSE-65B-2XVERSE Technology, Shenzhen Yuanxiang TechnologyDec 8, 20231.2×10²⁴ FLOP65BOpen weights (restricted use)
SEA-LION V3 Llama3.1 8BAI SingaporeDec 19, 20241.2×10²⁴ FLOP8BOpen weights (restricted use)
Foundation-sec-8bCiscoApr 28, 20251.2×10²⁴ FLOP8BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Llama 3.1-8BMeta AIJul 23, 20241.2×10²⁴ FLOP8BOpen weights (restricted use)
dots.llm1RednoteJul 6, 20251.2×10²⁴ FLOP142BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Granite-4.0-H-SmallIBMOct 2, 20251.2×10²⁴ FLOP32BOpen weights (unrestricted)
PLaMo-100BPreferred Networks IncJun 14, 20241.2×10²⁴ FLOP100BAPI access
Mi:dm 200BKTOct 31, 20231.2×10²⁴ FLOP200BAPI access
HunyuanTencentSep 7, 20231.2×10²⁴ FLOP100BAPI access
Luca 2.0Mianbi IntelligenceAug 29, 20231.2×10²⁴ FLOP100BHosted access (no API)
Mistral Small 3Mistral AIJan 30, 20251.2×10²⁴ FLOP24BOpen weights (unrestricted)
MiMo-VL-7B-SFTXiaomi CorpJun 4, 20251.2×10²⁴ FLOP7BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Olmo 3Allen Institute for AINov 20, 20251.1×10²⁴ FLOP32BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Qwen2.5-Coder (32B)AlibabaNov 12, 20241.1×10²⁴ FLOP32.5BOpen weights (unrestricted)
ESM3 (98B)EvolutionaryScale, University of California (UC) BerkeleyJun 25, 20241.1×10²⁴ FLOP98.5BUnreleased
ALLaM adapted 70BSaudi Data and Artificial Intelligence AuthorityMay 21, 20241.1×10²⁴ FLOP70BUnreleased
ALLaM 34BSaudi Data and Artificial Intelligence AuthorityMay 21, 20241.1×10²⁴ FLOP34BUnreleased
Solar Open2 250BUpstageJun 28, 20261.1×10²⁴ FLOP250.3BOpen weights (unrestricted)
MiMo-7B-BaseXiaomi CorpJun 5, 20251.1×10²⁴ FLOP7BOpen weights (unrestricted)
BlueLM 175Bvivo AI labNov 2, 20231.1×10²⁴ FLOP175BUnreleased
ERNIE 3.0 TitanBaidu, Peng Cheng LaboratoryDec 23, 202110²⁴ FLOP260BHosted access (no API)
DeepSeek-V2 (MoE-236B)DeepSeekMay 7, 202410²⁴ FLOP236BOpen weights (restricted use)
TigerBot-70BTigeroboSep 6, 202310²⁴ FLOP70BOpen weights (restricted use)
Inflection-1Inflection AIJun 23, 202310²⁴ FLOP—Hosted access (no API)
InternLMShanghai AI Lab, SenseTimeJul 6, 202310×10²³ FLOP104BUnreleased
Qwen2.5-VL-7BAlibabaFeb 19, 20259.9×10²³ FLOP7BOpen weights (unrestricted)
MegaScale (530B)ByteDance, Peking UniversityFeb 23, 20249.7×10²³ FLOP530BUnreleased
Jais-70BG42, Inception G42Aug 5, 20249.7×10²³ FLOP70BOpen weights (restricted use)
Phi-4-ReasoningMicrosoftApr 30, 20259.3×10²³ FLOP14BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Phi-4Microsoft ResearchDec 12, 20249.3×10²³ FLOP14BOpen weights (unrestricted)
GLM-4.1V-ThinkingZ.ai (Zhipu AI), Tsinghua UniversityAug 15, 20259.2×10²³ FLOP9BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Seaweed-7BByteDanceApr 11, 20259×10²³ FLOP7BUnreleased
Lapa LLMUkrainian Catholic University, Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute, AGH University of Krakow, Lviv PolytechnicOct 25, 20258.6×10²³ FLOP12BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Qwen3-4BAlibabaApr 29, 20258.6×10²³ FLOP4BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Gemma 3 12BGoogle DeepMindMar 12, 20258.6×10²³ FLOP12BOpen weights (restricted use)
Qwen2.5-Math-7B-BaseAlibabaSep 19, 20248.6×10²³ FLOP7BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Megatron-Turing NLG 530BMicrosoft, NVIDIAOct 11, 20218.6×10²³ FLOP530BUnreleased
Baichuan2-53BBaichuanAug 9, 20238.3×10²³ FLOP53BUnreleased
Qwen2.5-7BAlibabaSep 19, 20248.2×10²³ FLOP7.6BOpen weights (unrestricted)
SambaLingo-Thai-Chat-70BSambaNova Systems, IncApr 8, 20248.1×10²³ FLOP70BOpen weights (restricted use)
GLM-4-9B-0414Tsinghua UniversityApr 14, 20258.1×10²³ FLOP9BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Llama 2-70BMeta AIJul 18, 20238.1×10²³ FLOP70BOpen weights (restricted use)
DeepSeek LLM 67BDeepSeekJan 5, 20248×10²³ FLOP67BOpen weights (restricted use)
BlueLM 130Bvivo AI labNov 2, 20237.8×10²³ FLOP130BUnreleased
Mixtral 8x7BMistral AIDec 11, 20237.7×10²³ FLOP46.7BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Ring-flash-linear-2.0Ant GroupOct 23, 20257.7×10²³ FLOP104.2BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Nemotron-4 15BNVIDIAFeb 27, 20247.5×10²³ FLOP15BUnreleased
YandexGPT 5 LiteYandexFeb 25, 20257.4×10²³ FLOP8BOpen weights (restricted use)
Yi-1.5-34B01.AIMay 13, 20247.3×10²³ FLOP34BOpen weights (restricted use)
Ling-flash-base-2.0-20TAnt GroupSep 10, 20257.3×10²³ FLOP100BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Llama SEA-LION V2 8BAI SingaporeJul 30, 20247.2×10²³ FLOP8BOpen weights (restricted use)
ProtChatGPTUniversity of Technology Sydney, Zhejiang University (ZJU)Feb 15, 20247.2×10²³ FLOP8BUnreleased
P-LLama3University of SienaAug 12, 20247.2×10²³ FLOP8BOpen weights (restricted use)
Nemotron-H 8BNVIDIAApr 14, 20257.2×10²³ FLOP8BOpen weights (non-commercial)
Llama 3-8BMeta AIApr 18, 20247.2×10²³ FLOP8BOpen weights (restricted use)
AgentFounder-30BAlibabaSep 16, 20256.5×10²³ FLOP30BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Qwen3-30B-A3BAlibabaApr 29, 20256.5×10²³ FLOP30BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Gopher (280B)DeepMindDec 8, 20216.3×10²³ FLOP280BUnreleased
Reka FlashReka AIApr 15, 20246.3×10²³ FLOP21BAPI access
Step-1StepFunFeb 18, 20256.2×10²³ FLOP130BUnreleased
xTrimoPGLM -100BTsinghua University, BioMap ResearchJul 6, 20236.2×10²³ FLOP100BUnreleased
Marin 8BMarinMay 19, 20256.1×10²³ FLOP8BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Yi-34B01.AINov 2, 20236.1×10²³ FLOP34BOpen weights (restricted use)
Qwen2-VL-72BAlibabaSep 18, 20246×10²³ FLOP72BOpen weights (restricted use)
Falcon3-7BTechnology Innovation InstituteDec 17, 20245.9×10²³ FLOP7BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Granite 3.1 8BIBMDec 18, 20245.8×10²³ FLOP8.1BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Granite 3.0 8BIBMOct 21, 20245.8×10²³ FLOP8.1BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Llama 3.2 11BMeta AISep 24, 20245.8×10²³ FLOP10.6BOpen weights (restricted use)
ChinchillaDeepMindMar 29, 20225.8×10²³ FLOP70BUnreleased
PaLI-XGoogle ResearchMay 29, 20235.6×10²³ FLOP55BUnreleased
BIG-G 137BGoogleJun 9, 20225.6×10²³ FLOP137BUnreleased
LIMAMeta AI, Carnegie Mellon University (CMU), University of Southern California, Tel Aviv UniversityMay 18, 20235.5×10²³ FLOP65BUnreleased
Guanaco-65BUniversity of WashingtonMay 23, 20235.5×10²³ FLOP65BOpen weights (non-commercial)
LLaMA-65BMeta AIFeb 24, 20235.5×10²³ FLOP65.2BOpen weights (non-commercial)
gpt-oss-20bOpenAIAug 5, 20255.5×10²³ FLOP20.9BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Llemma 34BPrinceton University, University of Toronto, Vector Institute, University of Cambridge, Carnegie Mellon University (CMU), University of Washington, EleutherAIOct 16, 20235.4×10²³ FLOP34BOpen weights (restricted use)
Code Llama-34BMeta AIAug 14, 20235.3×10²³ FLOP34BOpen weights (restricted use)
Gemma 3nGoogleMay 20, 20255.2×10²³ FLOP7.8BOpen weights (restricted use)
PartiGoogle ResearchJun 22, 20225.1×10²³ FLOP20BUnreleased
MM1-30BAppleMar 14, 20244.9×10²³ FLOP30BUnreleased
Nemotron 3-Nano-30B-A3BNVIDIADec 15, 20254.8×10²³ FLOP31.6BOpen weights (restricted use)
YaYi 2.0Yayi (Wenge)Dec 22, 20234.8×10²³ FLOP30BOpen weights (restricted use)
PanGu-ΣHuawei Noah's Ark LabMar 20, 20234.7×10²³ FLOP1.1TUnreleased
OLMo 2 Furious 13BAllen Institute for AI, University of Washington, New York University (NYU)Dec 31, 20244.6×10²³ FLOP13BOpen weights (unrestricted)
AFM-on-deviceAppleJul 29, 20244.5×10²³ FLOP2.7BHosted access (no API)
SEA-LION V3 Gemma2 9BAI SingaporeDec 19, 20244.5×10²³ FLOP9BOpen weights (restricted use)
Pharia-1-LLM-7BAleph AlphaAug 26, 20244.4×10²³ FLOP7BOpen weights (non-commercial)
MamayLMINSAIT, ETH ZurichApr 23, 20254.4×10²³ FLOP9BOpen weights (unrestricted)
JIUTIAN-139MoEChina MobileJun 15, 20244.4×10²³ FLOP38.8BOpen weights (unrestricted)
TxGemma 9BGoogle DeepMind, Google ResearchApr 8, 20254.4×10²³ FLOP9BOpen weights (restricted use)
Gemma 2 9BGoogle DeepMindJun 24, 20244.3×10²³ FLOP9BOpen weights (restricted use)
OPT-IML (175B)Meta AIDec 22, 20224.3×10²³ FLOP175BOpen weights (non-commercial)
BlenderBot 3McGill University, Meta AI, Mila - Quebec AI (originally Montreal Institute for Learning Algorithms)Aug 10, 20224.3×10²³ FLOP175BOpen weights (non-commercial)
OPT-175BMeta AIMay 2, 20224.3×10²³ FLOP175BOpen weights (non-commercial)
EXAONE 3.5-R 7.8BLG AI ResearchMar 14, 20254.3×10²³ FLOP7.8BUnreleased
360Zhinao2-7B360 Security TechnologyNov 18, 20244.2×10²³ FLOP7BOpen weights (unrestricted)
EXAONE Deep 7.8BLG AI ResearchMar 16, 20254.2×10²³ FLOP7.8BOpen weights (non-commercial)
EXAONE 3.5 7.8BLG AI ResearchDec 9, 20244.2×10²³ FLOP7.8BOpen weights (non-commercial)
Wan 2.2 14B T2VAlibabaJul 28, 20254.2×10²³ FLOP14BOpen weights (unrestricted)
BlueLM 70Bvivo AI labNov 2, 20234.2×10²³ FLOP70BUnreleased
Llama 2-34BMeta AIJul 18, 20234.1×10²³ FLOP34BUnreleased
Qwen2.5-VL-3BAlibabaFeb 19, 20254.1×10²³ FLOP3BOpen weights (restricted use)
Nanbeige2-16B-ChatNanbeige LLM LabMay 28, 20244×10²³ FLOP15.8BOpen weights (restricted use)
phi-3-medium 14BMicrosoftApr 23, 20244×10²³ FLOP14BOpen weights (unrestricted)
EXAONE 3.0LG AI ResearchAug 7, 20244×10²³ FLOP7.8BOpen weights (non-commercial)
DeepSeek Coder 33BDeepSeek, Peking UniversityJan 25, 20244×10²³ FLOP33BOpen weights (restricted use)
Falcon MambaTechnology Innovation InstituteAug 12, 20243.9×10²³ FLOP7BOpen weights (restricted use)
StarCoder 2 15BHugging Face, ServiceNow, NVIDIA, BigCodeFeb 29, 20243.9×10²³ FLOP15BOpen weights (restricted use)
FunSearchGoogle DeepMindDec 14, 20233.9×10²³ FLOP15BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Multi-Token Prediction 7BFacebook AI ResearchApr 30, 20243.8×10²³ FLOP6.7BOpen weights (non-commercial)
ArcticSnowflakeApr 24, 20243.8×10²³ FLOP480BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Qwen2-57B-A14BAlibabaJun 7, 20243.8×10²³ FLOP57BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Jurassic-1-JumboAI21 LabsAug 11, 20213.7×10²³ FLOP178BAPI access
Qwen3-1.7BAlibabaApr 29, 20253.7×10²³ FLOP1.7BOpen weights (unrestricted)
BLOOM-176BHugging Face, BigScienceJul 11, 20223.7×10²³ FLOP176.2BOpen weights (restricted use)
GLaMGoogleDec 13, 20213.6×10²³ FLOP1.2TUnreleased
Falcon 2 11BTechnology Innovation InstituteMay 9, 20243.6×10²³ FLOP11BOpen weights (restricted use)
LaMDAGoogleFeb 10, 20223.5×10²³ FLOP137BUnreleased
GLM-130BTsinghua UniversityAug 4, 20223.5×10²³ FLOP130BOpen weights (non-commercial)
Luminous-supremeAleph AlphaAug 15, 20223.5×10²³ FLOP70BAPI access
Yuan 1.0InspurOct 12, 20213.5×10²³ FLOP245.7BAPI access
OPT-13BMeta AIMay 2, 20223.5×10²³ FLOP13B—
DALL·E 2OpenAIApr 6, 20223.4×10²³ FLOP3.5BAPI access
Qwen1.5-14BAlibabaFeb 4, 20243.4×10²³ FLOP14BOpen weights (unrestricted)
FragLlama: Next-fragment prediction for molecular designFacebook AI ResearchMay 16, 20243.3×10²³ FLOP7BOpen weights (non-commercial)
Qwen2.5-3BAlibabaSep 19, 20243.3×10²³ FLOP3.1BOpen weights (non-commercial)
GalacticaMeta AINov 16, 20223.2×10²³ FLOP120BOpen weights (non-commercial)
InstructGPT 175BOpenAIJan 27, 20223.2×10²³ FLOP175BAPI access
Granite-4.0-H-MicroIBMOct 2, 20253.1×10²³ FLOP3BOpen weights (unrestricted)
GPT-3 175B (davinci)OpenAIMay 28, 20203.1×10²³ FLOP174.6BAPI access
InternLM2-20BShanghai AI Lab, SenseTime, Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK), Fudan UniversityJan 12, 20243.1×10²³ FLOP20BOpen weights (restricted use)
CodeFuse-13BAnt GroupOct 10, 20233.1×10²³ FLOP13BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Gemma 1.1 7B InstructGoogleFeb 24, 20243.1×10²³ FLOP8.5BOpen weights (restricted use)
Gemma 7BGoogle DeepMindFeb 21, 20243.1×10²³ FLOP8.5BOpen weights (restricted use)
Phi-3.5-MoEMicrosoftApr 23, 20243×10²³ FLOP60.8BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Granite 20BIBM ResearchMay 31, 20243×10²³ FLOP20BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Tri-21BTrillion LabsAug 1, 20252.9×10²³ FLOP20.7BOpen weights (restricted use)
Qwen2-7BAlibabaJun 7, 20242.9×10²³ FLOP7BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Stable LM 2 12BStability AIApr 8, 20242.9×10²³ FLOP12.1BOpen weights (restricted use)
ST-MoEGoogle, Google Brain, Google ResearchFeb 17, 20222.9×10²³ FLOP269BUnreleased
MegaScale (175B)ByteDance, Peking UniversityFeb 23, 20242.7×10²³ FLOP175BUnreleased
LLaMA-33BMeta AIFeb 27, 20232.7×10²³ FLOP32.5BOpen weights (non-commercial)
Qwen3-Next-80B-A3BAlibabaSep 10, 20252.7×10²³ FLOP80BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Whisper v3OpenAINov 6, 20232.7×10²³ FLOP1.6BOpen weights (unrestricted)
VikingSilo AI, University of TurkuApr 4, 20242.6×10²³ FLOP33BOpen weights (unrestricted)
nekomata-14brinnaDec 21, 20232.6×10²³ FLOP14.2BOpen weights (restricted use)
Qwen2.5-Coder (7B)AlibabaSep 18, 20242.5×10²³ FLOP7.6BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Wan 2.1 14B I2VAlibabaFeb 25, 20252.5×10²³ FLOP14BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Skywork-13BKunlun Inc.Oct 30, 20232.5×10²³ FLOP13BOpen weights (restricted use)
Qwen-14BAlibabaSep 28, 20232.5×10²³ FLOP14BOpen weights (restricted use)
Granite 13BIBMNov 30, 20232.4×10²³ FLOP13BAPI access
Nanbeige-16BNanbeige LLM LabNov 1, 20232.4×10²³ FLOP16BOpen weights (unrestricted)
LightOn MiniLightOnMar 21, 20232.4×10²³ FLOP40BHosted access (no API)
Falcon-40BTechnology Innovation InstituteMar 15, 20232.4×10²³ FLOP40BOpen weights (unrestricted)
AlphaCodeDeepMindFeb 2, 20222.4×10²³ FLOP41.1BUnreleased
BloombergGPTBloomberg, Johns Hopkins UniversityMar 30, 20232.4×10²³ FLOP50.6BUnreleased
YaLMYandexJun 23, 20222.2×10²³ FLOP100BOpen weights (unrestricted)
FlamingoDeepMindApr 29, 20222.2×10²³ FLOP80BUnreleased
Teuken 7BOpenGPT-X, Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing, Forschungszentrum Julich, Technische Universität DresdenAug 21, 20252.1×10²³ FLOP7BOpen weights (non-commercial)
phi-3-small 7.4BMicrosoftApr 23, 20242.1×10²³ FLOP7.4BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Poro 34BHigh-Performance Language Technologies (HPLT), University of TurkuDec 14, 20232.1×10²³ FLOP34.2BOpen weights (unrestricted)
AlexaTM 20BAmazonAug 2, 20222×10²³ FLOP19.8BAPI access
Baichuan2-13BBaichuanSep 6, 20232×10²³ FLOP13BOpen weights (restricted use)
HyperCLOVA 204BNAVERSep 10, 20212×10²³ FLOP204BHosted access (no API)
SAM 3Meta AINov 20, 20252×10²³ FLOP850MOpen weights (restricted use)
ViT-22BGoogleFeb 10, 20231.9×10²³ FLOP21.7BUnreleased
Yi-1.5-9B01.AIMay 13, 20241.9×10²³ FLOP8.8BOpen weights (unrestricted)
MPT-30BMosaicMLJun 22, 20231.9×10²³ FLOP30BOpen weights (unrestricted)
MAP-NeoUniversity of Waterloo, 01.AI, Wuhan UniversityJul 10, 20241.9×10²³ FLOP7BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Reka EdgeReka AIApr 18, 20241.9×10²³ FLOP7BAPI access
Mamba2-HybridNVIDIAJun 12, 20241.8×10²³ FLOP8.7BOpen weights (unrestricted)
ERNIE-4.5-21B-A3BBaiduJun 29, 20251.8×10²³ FLOP21BOpen weights (unrestricted)
OLMo 2 Furious 7BAllen Institute for AI, University of Washington, New York University (NYU)Dec 31, 20241.8×10²³ FLOP7BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Granite 3.1 2BIBMDec 18, 20241.8×10²³ FLOP2.5BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Granite 3.0 2BIBMOct 21, 20241.8×10²³ FLOP2.5BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Nemotron-3-8BNVIDIANov 15, 20231.8×10²³ FLOP8BOpen weights (restricted use)
Yuan 2.0InspurNov 27, 20231.8×10²³ FLOP102.6BOpen weights (restricted use)
Sailor-7B-ChatSea AI Lab, Singapore University of Technology & DesignApr 4, 20241.8×10²³ FLOP7.7BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Qwen2.5-Math-1.5BAlibabaSep 19, 20241.8×10²³ FLOP1.5BOpen weights (unrestricted)
InternVLShanghai AI Lab, Nanjing University, The University of Hong Kong, Tsinghua University, SenseTime, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC)Jan 15, 20241.7×10²³ FLOP14BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Llama 3.2 3BMeta AISep 24, 20241.7×10²³ FLOP3.2BOpen weights (restricted use)
Konan LLM 41BKonan TechnologyDec 15, 20231.7×10²³ FLOP41BHosted access (no API)
ALLaM adapted13BSaudi Data and Artificial Intelligence AuthorityMay 21, 20241.7×10²³ FLOP13BAPI access
Ring-mini-linear-2.0Ant GroupOct 23, 20251.7×10²³ FLOP16.4BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Ovis-7BAlibaba, Nanjing UniversityJun 17, 20241.7×10²³ FLOP7BOpen weights (unrestricted)
PaLIGoogleSep 14, 20221.7×10²³ FLOP16.9BUnreleased
Ling-mini-base-2.0-20TAnt GroupSep 10, 20251.7×10²³ FLOP16BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Qwen1.5-7BAlibabaFeb 4, 20241.7×10²³ FLOP7BOpen weights (unrestricted)
JiutianChina MobileOct 12, 20231.7×10²³ FLOP13.9BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Qwen2.5-1.5BAlibabaSep 19, 20241.7×10²³ FLOP1.5BOpen weights (unrestricted)
PLLaMaUniversity of California Santa Barbara (UCSB), University of Lincoln, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesJan 3, 20241.6×10²³ FLOP13BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Llama GuardMeta AIDec 7, 20231.6×10²³ FLOP7BOpen weights (restricted use)
FinGPT-13BUniversity of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Columbia University, New York University (NYU)Oct 7, 20231.6×10²³ FLOP13BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Llama 2-13BMeta AIJul 18, 20231.6×10²³ FLOP13BOpen weights (restricted use)
SparseOPT-175BInstitute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), Neural MagicJan 2, 20231.6×10²³ FLOP87.5BUnreleased
StarCoder 2 7BHugging Face, ServiceNow, NVIDIA, BigCodeFeb 29, 20241.5×10²³ FLOP7BOpen weights (restricted use)
Multi-Token Prediction 13BFacebook AI ResearchApr 30, 20241.5×10²³ FLOP13BUnreleased
Ling-lite-1.5 ("Bailing")Ant GroupMar 10, 20251.5×10²³ FLOP16.8BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Hunyuan VideoTencentDec 3, 20241.5×10²³ FLOP13BOpen weights (restricted use)
HyperCLOVA 82BNAVER, Search SolutionsSep 10, 20211.5×10²³ FLOP82BAPI access
AriaRhymes AIOct 8, 20241.4×10²³ FLOP24.9BOpen weights (unrestricted)
360Zhinao-7B360 Security TechnologyMay 22, 20241.4×10²³ FLOP7BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Uni-MedTsinghua University, Beijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNov 1, 20241.4×10²³ FLOP8.8BUnreleased
Movie Gen AudioMeta AIOct 4, 20241.4×10²³ FLOP13BUnreleased
Granite-4.0-H-TinyIBMOct 2, 20251.3×10²³ FLOP7BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Qwen3-0.6BAlibabaApr 29, 20251.3×10²³ FLOP600MOpen weights (unrestricted)
Yi 6B01.AINov 2, 20231.3×10²³ FLOP6BOpen weights (restricted use)
VARCO LLM 2.0 baseNCSOFTAug 16, 20231.2×10²³ FLOP13BAPI access
UL2Google Research, Google BrainMay 10, 20221.2×10²³ FLOP20BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Phi-4-MultimodalMicrosoftMar 3, 20251.2×10²³ FLOP5.6BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Llemma 7BPrinceton University, EleutherAI, University of Toronto, Vector Institute, University of Cambridge, Carnegie Mellon University (CMU), University of WashingtonOct 16, 20231.2×10²³ FLOP7BOpen weights (restricted use)
PLaMo-13BPreferred Networks IncSep 28, 20231.2×10²³ FLOP13BOpen weights (unrestricted)
IDEFICS-80BHugging FaceAug 22, 20231.2×10²³ FLOP80BOpen weights (non-commercial)
WizardCoder-15.5BMicrosoftJun 14, 20231.1×10²³ FLOP15.5BOpen weights (restricted use)
MeenaGoogle BrainJan 28, 20201.1×10²³ FLOP2.6BUnreleased
OPT-66BMeta AIJun 21, 20221.1×10²³ FLOP66BOpen weights (non-commercial)
Odyssey 102BAnthrogenOct 18, 20251.1×10²³ FLOP102BUnreleased
OpenVLAStanford University, University of California (UC) Berkeley, Toyota Research Institute, Google DeepMind, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Physical IntelligenceJun 13, 20241.1×10²³ FLOP7.2BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Code Llama-7BMeta AIAug 14, 20231.1×10²³ FLOP7BOpen weights (restricted use)
Whisper v2OpenAIDec 5, 20221.1×10²³ FLOP1.6BOpen weights (unrestricted)
BlueLM 7Bvivo AI labOct 31, 20231.1×10²³ FLOP7BOpen weights (restricted use)
Baichuan 2-7BBaichuanSep 20, 20231.1×10²³ FLOP7BOpen weights (restricted use)
AlphaStarDeepMindOct 30, 20191.1×10²³ FLOP139MUnreleased
ruGPT-3.5 13BSberApr 24, 20231.1×10²³ FLOP13BOpen weights (unrestricted)
DCLM 7BAppleJul 20, 20241.1×10²³ FLOP7BOpen weights (restricted use)
Jais-30b (phase 1)Cerebras Systems, Mohamed bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence (MBZUAI), Inception G42, G42Nov 8, 202310²³ FLOP30BOpen weights (unrestricted)
OLMo-7BAllen Institute for AI, University of WashingtonFeb 1, 202410²³ FLOP7BOpen weights (unrestricted)
DeepSeek-VL-7BDeepSeekMar 8, 202410²³ FLOP7BOpen weights (restricted use)
Kimi LinearMoonshotOct 30, 202510²³ FLOP48BOpen weights (unrestricted)
DeepSeekMath 7BDeepSeek, Tsinghua University, Peking UniversityFeb 5, 202410²³ FLOP7BOpen weights (restricted use)
Qwen-7BAlibabaSep 28, 202310²³ FLOP7BOpen weights (restricted use)
Evo 2 7BArc Institute, Stanford University, NVIDIA, Liquid, University of California (UC) Berkeley, Goodfire, Columbia University, University of California San FranciscoFeb 19, 202510²³ FLOP7BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Luminous-extendedAleph AlphaAug 15, 202210²³ FLOP30BAPI access
Phi-4 MiniMicrosoftMar 3, 202510×10²² FLOP3.8BOpen weights (unrestricted)
GigaChat Lite (GigaChat-20B-A3B)SberDec 13, 20249.9×10²² FLOP20BOpen weights (unrestricted)
MP4310.aiJul 15, 20249.7×10²² FLOP—Unreleased
Gemma 3 4BGoogle DeepMindMar 12, 20259.6×10²² FLOP4BOpen weights (restricted use)
Palmyra Large 20BWriterMar 1, 20239.6×10²² FLOP20BOpen weights (unrestricted)
EXAONE 3.5-R 2.4BLG AI ResearchMar 14, 20259.5×10²² FLOP2.4BUnreleased
EXAONE Deep 2.4BLG AI ResearchMar 16, 20259.4×10²² FLOP2.4BOpen weights (non-commercial)
EXAONE 3.5 2.4BLG AI ResearchDec 9, 20249.4×10²² FLOP2.4BOpen weights (non-commercial)
Baichuan 1-13BBaichuanJul 11, 20239.4×10²² FLOP13.3BOpen weights (restricted use)
GPT-NeoX-20BEleutherAIFeb 9, 20229.3×10²² FLOP20BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Trillion-7BTrillion LabsApr 21, 20259.3×10²² FLOP7BOpen weights (unrestricted)
ALLaM 7BSaudi Data and Artificial Intelligence AuthorityMay 21, 20249×10²² FLOP7BOpen weights (unrestricted)
Zamba2-7BZyphraMay 26, 20248.8×10²² FLOP7BOpen weights (unrestricted)
phi-3.5-VisionMicrosoftApr 23, 20248.8×10²² FLOP4.2BOpen weights (unrestricted)
EXAONE 4.0 (1.2B)LG AI ResearchJul 15, 20258.7×10²² FLOP1.2BOpen weights (non-commercial)
TeleChat-12BChina TelecomApr 1, 20248.6×10²² FLOP12BOpen weights (restricted use)
SambaLingo-Thai-Chat (7B)SambaNova Systems, IncApr 8, 20248.6×10²² FLOP7BOpen weights (unrestricted)
StarCoderHugging Face, ServiceNow, Northeastern University, Mila - Quebec AI (originally Montreal Institute for Learning Algorithms), Carnegie Mellon University (CMU), Johns Hopkins University, Leipzig University, ScaDS.AI, Queen Mary University of London, Roblox, Sea AI Lab, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Monash University, CSIRO, Data61, McGill University, Saama, University of British Columbia (UBC), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Technical University of Munich, IBM, University of Vermont, UnfoldML, SAP, University of Notre Dame, Columbia University, New York University (NYU), University of Allahabad, Discover Dollar, Toloka, Telefonica, Stanford University, Weizmann Institute of Science, Alan Turing Institute, Wellesley College, EleutherAI, Forschungszentrum JulichMay 9, 20238.5×10²² FLOP15.5BOpen weights (restricted use)
SourceEpoch AI, 'AI Models'. Published online at epoch.ai. Retrieved 2026-07-29 from https://epoch.ai/data/ai-models. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
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