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GPU clusters

Argonne NL Sophia (Formerly Theta)

Compute
60.54 H100e
Chips
192
First operational
May 30, 2020

Argonne NL Sophia (Formerly Theta) is a large GPU cluster operated by US Department of Energy, located in the United States, in the public sector. It came online around May 2020. At that moment it ranked number 38 among known clusters.

It is built on 192 NVIDIA A100. That amounts to about 60.54 H100e of AI compute. The cluster draws roughly 0.17 MW. Its hardware is estimated at $5M.

Epoch AI rates the certainty of this record as confirmed. This was originally an addition of a GPU portion of the Theta supercomputer. The Theta supercomputer has since been retired, and these GPUs were shifted to the Sophia supercomputer

Full record
Owner
US Department of Energy
Users
Argonne National Laboratory and general scientific community
Sector
Public
Status
Existing
Country
United States
Primary chip
NVIDIA A100
Primary chip count
192
Total AI chips
192
H100 equivalents
60.54
8-bit throughput
1.2×10¹⁷ OP/s
Power capacity
0.17 MW
Hardware cost
$5M
First operational
May 30, 2020
Rank when it came online
38
Certainty
Confirmed
More from US Department of Energy
SourceEpoch AI, 'GPU Clusters'. Published online at epoch.ai. Retrieved 2026-07-29 from https://epoch.ai/data/gpu-clusters. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
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