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ESM2-15B

Training compute
7.4×10²² FLOP
Parameters
15B
Published
Jul 21, 2022

ESM2-15B is an AI model developed by Meta AI, New York University (NYU), Stanford University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) (United States), first published in July 2022. It works in the biology domain, on tasks such as proteins, protein or nucleotide language model (plm/nlm) and protein folding prediction.

Training it took an estimated 7.4×10²² FLOP of compute (estimation method: hardware,third-party estimation). The model has 15,000,000,000 parameters. It was trained on roughly 15.4B datapoints. Training ran on 512 NVIDIA V100 for about 1.4K hours. The compute alone is estimated at $163K in 2023 dollars.

Access: Open weights (unrestricted). Its weights are openly available. The reference paper has 636 citations. Epoch AI rates the confidence of this record as confident.

Full record
Organization
Meta AI, New York University (NYU), Stanford University, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
Country of organization
United States
Domain
Biology
Task
Proteins, Protein or nucleotide language model (pLM/nLM), Protein folding prediction
Training compute
7.4×10²² FLOP
Compute estimation method
Hardware, Third-party estimation
Parameters
15,000,000,000
Dataset size
15.4B
Training hardware
NVIDIA V100
Chips used
512
Training time
1,440 h
Training power draw
308.0 kW
Training cost (2023 USD)
$163K
Model accessibility
Open weights (unrestricted)
Open weights
Yes
Citations
636
Epoch confidence
Confident
More from Meta AI,New York University (NYU),Stanford University,Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
SourceEpoch AI, 'AI Models'. Published online at epoch.ai. Retrieved 2026-07-29 from https://epoch.ai/data/ai-models. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
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