Llama Nemotron Ultra 253B vs PaLM 2

Llama Nemotron Ultra 253B (NVIDIA) and PaLM 2 (Google) are both frontier AI models. Llama Nemotron Ultra 253B was published in March 2025 and PaLM 2 in May 2023.

Llama Nemotron Ultra 253B was trained on 3.9 x 10^25 FLOP, about 5.3x the compute of PaLM 2 at 7.3 x 10^24 FLOP. Training compute is the closest available proxy for how much was invested in a model, though it says nothing on its own about how well that compute was spent.

These two models share no benchmark on which both have been scored, so no direct performance comparison is possible here. The specification table below is a comparison of inputs, not of results.