Amazon Titan vs U-PaLM (540B)

Amazon Titan (Amazon) and U-PaLM (540B) (Google) are both frontier AI models. Amazon Titan was published in September 2023 and U-PaLM (540B) in October 2022.

Amazon Titan was trained on 4.8×10²⁴ FLOP, about 1.9x the compute of U-PaLM (540B) at 2.5×10²⁴ FLOP. Training compute is the closest available proxy for how much was invested in a model, though it says nothing on its own about how well that compute was spent.

These two models share no benchmark on which both have been scored, so no direct performance comparison is possible here. The specification table below is a comparison of inputs, not of results.