Country
Spain
Tracked models
14
Frontier models
1
Largest training run
8.5 x 10^22 FLOP
14 tracked AI models have at least one contributing organization based in Spain. 1 of them is frontier models — among the largest training runs of their moment. The largest is StarCoder, at 8.5 x 10^22 FLOP (May 2023). The most recent tracked release is from February 2025.
It hosts 1 tracked GPU cluster.
Models (14)
StarCoder8.5 x 10^22 FLOPHGRN2 1B6 x 10^21 FLOPZymCTRL5 x 10^21 FLOPHGRN2 3B1.7 x 10^21 FLOPSS-pLM2.3 x 10^19 FLOPBrain2Qwerty1.6 x 10^18 FLOPVine copula (crime)8.5 x 10^15 FLOPVine copula (wine quality)8.5 x 10^15 FLOPVine copula (breast cancer)8.5 x 10^15 FLOPInvariant image recognition2.7 x 10^10 FLOPZephyr 141B-A39BApril 2024PocketVecMarch 2024HiFi - NNDecember 2023RNN BaselineJuly 2019
GPU clusters (1)
SourceEpoch AI, 'AI Models'. Published online at epoch.ai. Retrieved 2026-07-29 from https://epoch.ai/data/ai-models. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.
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