Layl Cavus
What Layl Cavus is
Layl Cavus is a cavus — a hollow or irregular steep-sided depression — on Mars, 48.4 km across, centred at 10.4° S, 98.6° W in the Phoenicis Lacus quadrangle. It is the 955th largest named feature on Mars and the 21st largest of its class there.
Where the name comes from
Arabic word for night. The International Astronomical Union approved the name in 2017, under the theme it applies to every cavus on Mars. Of the 29 features of this class catalogued on Mars, the naming categories run Latin (10), Greek (9), Roman (2), Indonesia (2).
What it would take to settle Layl Cavus
Mars scores 26.6 as a world. That number is the same for every square metre of it — but sunlight, water, radiation and the ground under your feet are not. This is the same question asked at 10.4° S, 98.6° W.
What this spot has going for it is sunlight — 99% of the sunlight the sunniest latitude on Mars gets. What works against it is water — outside the ice-bearing latitudes.
Computed from Layl Cavus's catalogued latitude, longitude and feature class — 74% of the model's weight had a basis here, and 2 axes were dropped as not applicable to Mars (radiation geometry, earth link). Gravity, pressure, delta-v and distance from the Sun are the same everywhere on Mars and are already counted in the world's own index, not again here.
What this cannot see: elevation. Slope, local shadowing and the polar “peaks of eternal light” — ridge tops near the poles of a barely tilted world that catch sun almost continuously while a crater floor kilometres away never does — need a terrain model this does not have. Where a real mission targets a pole, that is usually why.
What is next to it
The largest cavus features on Mars
All 29 cavi on Mars — mapped together, with the naming theme and the size distribution.