Avarua
What Avarua is
Avarua is a crater — a circular depression, almost always an impact scar — on Mars, 50 km across, centred at 35.9° S, 109.7° E in the Hellas quadrangle. It is the 940th largest named feature on Mars and the 350th largest of its class there.
Where the name comes from
Town in the Cook Islands. The International Astronomical Union approved the name in 2010, under the theme it applies to every crater on Mars. Of the 1237 features of this class catalogued on Mars, the naming categories run United States (137), Russia (110), American (62), Great Britain (52).
What it would take to settle Avarua
Mars scores 26.6 as a world. That number is the same for every square metre of it — but sunlight, water, radiation and the ground under your feet are not. This is the same question asked at 35.9° S, 109.7° E.
What this spot has going for it is sunlight — 83% of the sunlight the sunniest latitude on Mars gets. What works against it is water — outside the ice-bearing latitudes.
Computed from Avarua's catalogued latitude, longitude and feature class — 74% of the model's weight had a basis here, and 2 axes were dropped as not applicable to Mars (radiation geometry, earth link). Gravity, pressure, delta-v and distance from the Sun are the same everywhere on Mars and are already counted in the world's own index, not again here.
What this cannot see: elevation. Slope, local shadowing and the polar “peaks of eternal light” — ridge tops near the poles of a barely tilted world that catch sun almost continuously while a crater floor kilometres away never does — need a terrain model this does not have. Where a real mission targets a pole, that is usually why.
What is next to it
The largest crater features on Mars
All 1,237 craters on Mars — mapped together, with the naming theme and the size distribution.